Isiselo sinokuShicilela: Unokukhetha njani phakathi kweDijithali, iLitho, kunye neSleeve eShrink

Ngaba imizobo ingenza umsebenzi omninzi kunayo nayiphi na enye indawo yohlobo lwesiselo. Ziyimveliso ekwishelufu, kwindawo epholileyo, nakuyo yonke ifoto yefowuni ethathwa ngumthengi. Kodwa isigqibo seNjaniloo mizobo ingena kwi-aluminiyam isisisigqibo sezoqoqosho, hayi uyilo olunye - kwaye iindawo ezinqamlezileyo zimxinwa kunelokuqala{1}}elilindelwe ngabathengi.
Esi sikhokelo sibandakanya iindlela ezintathu zokuhombisa ezisetyenziswa ngokwenene kushishino lwesiselo, ukuba nganye nganye ixabisa ntoni na, indlela yokulungisa umzobo osindayo kumphezulu wesinyithi ogobileyo, kwaye ngawaphi amaxwebhu othotyelo okuqokelela phambi kokuba uzibophelele ekubalekeni.
Iindlela eziNtathu zokuhombisa itoti - kunye nalapho iNyonye iqhawuka khona
Phantse zonke iziselo eziprintiweyo kwimarike yase-US zisebenzisa enye yeendlela ezintathu.
| Indlela | Ingaba isebenza kanjani | I-MOQ esebenzayo | Apho iphumelela khona |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ushicilelo oluthe ngqo lwedijithali | I-inkjet igalelwe ngqo kwitoti eyenziweyo, enyangwa ngeUV | 50–5,000 | Iiprototypes, amaxesha onyaka, iibhetshi zoyilo ezininzi{0} |
| Offset / litho | Iprintwa kwiphepha le-aluminiyam elisicaba okanye ikhoyili phambi kokuba inkonkxa yenziwe | 50,{1}} (ihlala iphezulu kakhulu) | Ii-SKU ezizinzileyo kwinqanaba lesizwe |
| Ucuthe umkhono | Umkhono weplastiki oprintiweyo ofakwe kwitoti engenanto kunye nobushushu{0}}bushwabene | 500+ imikhono | Umzobo we-360 degree, utshintsho rhoqo lwe-SKU |
Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda: ukuprintwa kwe-litho kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kubekho. Iphepha liyaprintwa, emva koko lizotywe kwaye li-ayinwe kumzimba wetoti. Yiyo loo nto i-litho MOQs zinkulu - uthenga kwitoti{3}}ukwenza ishedyuli yomgca, hayi umsebenzi woshicilelo. Ukuba umntu ucaphula iitoti ezingama-5,000 zelitho, phantse ngokuqinisekileyo zithengisa izinto ezingaphezulu okanye ayichazi kakuhle inkqubo.
Idijithali kunye nemikhono zombini isebenza kuyoiinkonkxa brite(isitokhwe esicacileyo, esingashicilelwanga), yiyo loo nto belawula ngezantsi komda welitho.
Umgaqo wesigqibo esiqatha
- Ngaphantsi kweetoti ezingama-5,000: ushicilelo oluthe ngqo lwedijithali, okanye imikhono ukuba ufuna -ubugcisa obugcweleyo bomzimba
- 5,000–50,000: thelekisa iitotali zedijithali kunye nemikhono kuquka nokusebenza kwesicelo - kulapho imathematika isondela ngokunyanisekileyo
- 50,000–150,000: imikhono ihlala iphumelela ngaphandle kokuba uneqabane elinamandla
- 150,{1}} nge-SKU nganye: litho, ucinga ukuba umsebenzi wobugcisa utshixiwe kangangonyaka
Ushicilelo oluthe ngqo lweDijithali: Eyona nto ikuthenga yona
Ukuprintwa kweDijithali kubeka i-inki kwitoti engenazo iipleyiti, iisilinda, kwaye akukho ncinci ibotshelelwe kumgca wokwenza. Iziphumo ezisebenzayo zibaluleke ngaphezu kwetekhnoloji:
- Umsebenzi wobugcisa unokutshintsha phakathi kwetoti enye kunye nelandelayo - idatha eguquguqukayo, amagama, iikhowudi zebhetshi, iikhowudi zeQR
- Ukubaleka okukodwa kunokuthwala iincasa ezintandathu endaweni yezibophelelo ezintandathu ezahlukeneyo zoluhlu
- Ukutshintsha ziintsuku, hayi iiveki, kuba akukho nto inokwenziwa
- Ukukhanya kwe-aluminiyam yendalo kuhlala kufumaneka njengento yoyilo naphi na apho ungabeki phantsi mhlophe
Amaxabiso afumaneka ngaphandle axabisa malunga ne-$0.40–$1.00 ngetoti nganye, ukuhla ukuya ezantsi kwelo band ngaphezu kwamawaka ambalwa eeyunithi. Iimveliso ezisebenza rhoqo ngohlelo olulinganiselweyo zihlala zifikelela kwinqanaba lokuzisa umsebenzi-endlini kwiUmshicileli we-UV cylinderIxabiso elingaphantsi ngonyaka kunokukhutshwa ngamaxesha athile onyaka - isixhobo siprinta ngendlela efanayo kwiitoti, iibhotile, iigubhu, neejagi, ngoko ke ayifane ihlale ingasebenzi.
Umda onyanisekileyo kukuphumelela. Idijithali yinkqubo-yeyunithi nganye; litho yinkqubo-yephepha ngalinye. Akukho nto itshintshayo. Ukuthunyelwa kwebrand amakhulu amawaka eetoti ezifanayo, idijithali iya kulahleka kwiindleko ngalo lonke ixesha.
Xa ukubaleka kunoyilo olungaphezulu kwesinye
Okuninzi-kuqaliwe incasa kulapho ukuseta-indalo yasimahla yedijithali ihlawula kakhulu - kodwa{3}}oomatshini besikhululo ababodwa banokucutha ukulayisha/ukothula kunesantya soshicilelo. Iivenkile ezisebenza phezulu-xuba umsebenzi omfutshane ziqhele ukuya kumshicileli wesikhululo-esicylindrical ukuze omnye umsebenzisi alayishe itoti elandelayo ngelixa omnye eshicilela, eqhele ukuba yindawo apho inzuzo yokwenyani ivela khona.

Offset (Litho): uMdlalo weVolume
I-offset lithography yinto enokwenziwa yiCoke. Uqoqosho lulula: ipleyiti kunye neendleko zokuseta zilungisiwe, ngoko okukhona iinkonkxa uzisasaza ngapha nangapha, kokukhona ixabiso leyunithi lisezantsi - ukuya kutsho malunga ne-$0.10–$0.25 ngetoti nganye ngomthamo ophezulu.
Urhweba ntoni ngaloo nto:
- Iipleyiti zombala ngamnye, zenziwe ngokutsha kulo lonke utshintsho lomsebenzi wobugcisa
- Ukucwangcisa ngokuchasene nekhalenda yesityalo setoti, nto leyo enokuthetha iinyanga zexesha eliphambili kwixesha lonyaka eliphakamileyo
- Umngcipheko woluhlu - ngoku ungumnikazi wama-200,000 eetoti zencasa ezinokuthengiswa okanye ezinokuthi zingathengiswa.
- Umbala uzibophelele kwinqanaba leplate; i-tweaks iyabiza
I-Lithos inengqiqo xa umzobo uzinzile, umthamo uyinyani, kwaye uphawu lunokuthwala uluhlu. Ayilunganga kuyo nayiphi na into yovavanyo.

Imikhono eshwabeneyo: Ubuninzi beNkululeko yoYilo
Imikhono iprinte kwifilimu, uze uyisongele itoti. Kuba isubstrate iyiplastiki emhlophe kunentsimbi ekhanyayo, ufumana imifanekiso efotweyo, izinto eziqinileyo, iifoyile zesinyithi, kunye ne matte okanye ezithambileyo -zokuchukumisa ezigqiba ngaphandle kokulwa nealuminiyam ngaphantsi. I-360℃coverage epheleleyo, kuquka ngaphaya komthungo.
Urhwebo luyinyani, nangona:
- Uhlawula umkhonokwayeinyathelo lesicelo (-emsebenzini wendlu okanye -umrhumo wompakishi)
- Imbuyekezo yokugqwetheka iyafuneka - ifilimu ishwabana ngokungalinganiyo egxalabeni nakwisiseko
- Ukuziphatha ngokutsha kuxhomekeke kwikhemistri yefilimu kunye neziseko zokuhlela zommandla wakho; Imikhono ye-PET kwi-aluminium iphathwa ngokuhlukileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo
- Imikhono inokukhuhla, ishwabene, okanye iphakamise phantsi kokujiya ukuba imathiriyeli ayilunganga kwimveliso ebandayo.
Umsebenzi wobugcisa, iDielines, kunye neNyaniso yoShicilelo kwiThubhu yeMetal egobileyo
Itoti ayiloshiti elisicaba. Iifayile ezijongeka zigqibelele kwiscreen ziyasilela emgceni ngenxa yezizathu eziqikelelwayo.
Iimfuno zefayile uninzi lwabashicileli bayakucela:
- Umsebenzi wobugcisa weVector (AI, EPS, okanye ucinezele-ulungile PDF) naphi na apho kunokwenzeka
- Imifanekiso yeRaster kwi-300 DPIkwisayizi yokugqibela eprintiweyo- hayi kwi-300 DPI komnye umlinganiselo
- Iifonti ziguqulelwa kulwandlalo
- Indawo yokusebenza ye-CMYK, kunye neembekiselo zePantone ezibizwe ngokwahlukeneyo kunokuba{0}}ziguqulwe ngaphambili
- Ubuncinci bobunzima bomgca malunga ne-0.2-0.3 mm ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo
- I-2–3 mm yopha ngaphaya kwendawo eprintwayo
Iizowuni ezintathu ezibangela uninzi lokuprintwa kwakhona
Wopha.Isantya esiphezulu-sokukhukuliseka kobhaliso. Ngaphandle kokopha ufumana ingqukuva emhlophe kwincam yesiqina.
Indawo ekhuselekileyo.Iilogo, iiphaneli zesondlo, iingxelo ezinyanzelekileyo, kunye neebhakhowudi kufuneka zihlale ngaphakathi kuyo. Iikhowudi zebhakhowudi kufuneka ziqhube ngokuthe nkqo (ulungelelwaniso lweleli) kwitoti - ibarcode ethe tye esongelwe kwigophe ayizukuphumelela ukuskena.
Umthungo.Ezimbini-iinkonkxa zealuminiyam zizotyiwe, azithungelwanga, kodwa umkhono kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi wedijithali kusenendawo yokuqala/isiphelo sokudityaniswa. Ungaze ubeke uphawu, ubuso, okanye umgca woyilo othe ngqo apho.
I-Pantone kwi-aluminiyam ayikho iPantone ephepheni
Iitshiphusi zePantone ziprintwa kwiphepha elimhlophe. IAluminiyam sisipili. I-inki ecacileyo ebekwe phezu kwentsimbi engenanto iya kufunda ngokwahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo ngokuxhomekeke kwi-engile yokujonga, kwaye iPantone ethatha isiseko esimhlophe idinga i-opaque emhlophe yangaphantsi ukuze isondele - ebulala umphumo wesinyithi obuwufuna.
Zimbini izinto ezilandelayo. Okokuqala, akukho bungqina bedijithali kwimonitha buthembekile kuphawu lombala-olucinyiweyo. Okwesibini, cela iisampulu zesilinda eziprintiweyo kwi-substrate yakho yokwenyani ngaphambi kokuba uvume nantoni na. Ukuba umbala wakho we-brand ubalulekile ngokusemthethweni okanye kwezorhwebo, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lobungqina beendaba, kungekhona ubungqina obuthambileyo.
Ulandelelwano lolwamkelo olusebenzisekayo: ukujonga uyilo lwedijithali lwePDF → ubungqina obuthambileyo boyilo kuphela → isampulu eprintiweyo ebonakalayo phantsi kokukhanya okulawulwayo (D50) → ukuvunywa kwemveliso.
Ixabisa ntoni, kwaye yintoni "iindleko" ezibandakanya ngokwenene
| Ubungakanani | Idijithali | Litho | Khubaza umkhono (umkhono kuphela) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500 | $0.60–$1.20 | Ayifumaneki | $0.50–$1.00 |
| 2,500 | $0.45–$0.90 | Ayifumaneki | $0.40–$0.80 |
| 10,000 | $0.30–$0.60 | Ayifane ifumaneke | $0.30–$0.60 |
| 50,000+ | $0.20–$0.40 | $0.10–$0.25 | $0.20–$0.40 |
Nganye kula manani ngu aumhombisoixabiso. Ayibandakanyi inkonkxa. Ayibandakanyi ukuzaliswa. Kwaye kwimikhono, ayiquki usetyenziso, oluqhele ukuba yi-$0.03–$0.08 ngetoti nganye ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni unesifakeli semikhono okanye i-co{5}} ipakisha iyayenza.
Izinto zomgca ezothusa kuqala-ixesha abathengi:
- Ukulungiselela umsebenzi wobugcisa kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-dieline (ihlala i-$200–$800 ukuba iifayile zakho zifuna ukuphinda zisebenze)
- Amacwecwe okanye iisilinda, ngombala ngamnye, kwiindlela ze-litho kunye ne-flexo
- Ubungqina obubonakalayo kwaye ucinezele {{0}iitoti zobungqina
- Iikhathoni, izahluli, kunye ne-palletizing
- Uthutho kunye, kwizinto ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, imisebenzi kunye nokuthengiswa kwempahla
- Imirhumo engxamisekileyo - yokwenyani kwaye ingumnqantsa phambi kokusungulwa kwehlobo kunye nemiboniso emikhulu yorhwebo
Kwi-incoterms: I-DDP ilula ukwenza uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kuba umthengisi ungumnikazi womthwalo kunye nomngcipheko womsebenzi. I-FOB ihlala inexabiso eliphantsi ukuba sele unomrhwebi kunye nobudlelwane bomthwalo. I-EXW yenza ingqiqo kuphela ukuba ngenene unamandla okusebenza kwimvelaphi.
Amaxesha okwenene
- Idijithali:Imvume yobugcisa kwiintsuku ezi-2-5, imveliso yeentsuku ezi-5-10, ukuthunyelwa kwasekhaya 3-7 iintsuku
- Litho:iipleyiti iiveki ezi-1-2, imveliso yeeveki ezi-2-4, kunye nexesha lomgca kwi-can line
- Imikhono:umzobo weentsuku ezi-3-7, ukuveliswa kwemikhono kwiiveki ezi-2-3, isicelo kwiiveki ezi-1-2
Iingubo, Ukuqina, kunye noKutya{0}}Ukuthotyelwa koQhagamshelwano
I-inki yangaphandle ayidibani nesiselo, kodwa iseyinxalenye yenkqubo yokupakisha elawulwayo, kwaye abathengi kufuneka baqokelele amaxwebhu ngokufanelekileyo:
- Ukutya{0}}isibhengezo sokuthotyelwa koqhakamshelwano sibhekisa kumacandelo asebenzayo e-FDA 21 CFR
- Amaxwebhu okhuseleko lwe-inki kunye ne-varnish engaphezulu (i-SDS kunye ne-TDS - qaphela ukuba i-SDS iyodwahayiukutya-uxwebhu loqhakamshelwano)
- Isiqinisekiso sokuthotyelwa komgca wangaphakathi
- {0}}Iqela lesithathu leengxelo zovavanyo lokufuduka, kunye nemida yobhaqo exeliweyo ("ayichongwanga" iziphumo azinantsingiselo ngaphandle kwazo)
- Izatifikethi zenkqubo yomgangatho ezifana ne-ISO 9001
Ukwaleka kwangaphakathi kubaluleke ngaphezu kwemizobo yangaphandle. I-aluminiyam iphinda idibane ne-asidi kunye neemveliso ezinxilisayo, ngoko ke i-liner chemistry kufuneka ihambelane nesiselo - kwaye kufuneka ibambelele kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yobushushu oyisebenzisayo. Ilinen edlula kwindawo ebandayo-ukuzalisa amanzi ahlwahlwazayo isenokungasindi xa i-pasteurization okanye isigezo. Buza ngokuthe ngqo malunga nenkqubo, kungekhona nje ukuba "ukutya okukhuselekileyo."
Uvavanyo lokuqina olufanele ukucelwa
- Ukuncamathela-kuqhankqalazo:eyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokufumanisa ukuba i-inki ibotshelelwe ngenene
- Hlikihla / ukurhawuka:ilinganisa umthuthi, ikhathoni, kunye nokuphatha okupholileyo
- Ukunganyangeki ngamachiza:ii-agent zokucoca, ukudibanisa, ukudibanisa isandla
- Ubushushu bebhayisikile:ugcino olubandayo → i-ambient → umva kwakhona, ngokuphindaphindiweyo
Ukungaphumeleli kokuncamathela kwintsimbi phantse akunakuze kube yimfihlakalo. Bajonga umva kungcoliseko lomphezulu, ukungabikho okanye ukungalungi, okanye unyango olungaphelelanga- kwaye izilungiso zibhalwe kakuhle; ukuba ushicilela-endlini, olu luhlu lwendlela yokuphucula i-UV inki encamatheleyo igquma oonobangela besiqhelo ngokolandelelwano lokwenzeka. Buza nawuphi na umboneleli ngeziphumo ezilinganisiweyo, hayi igama elithi "ukuqina."
Ukugqiba ukutshintsha ishelufu
Iglosi ye-UV, i-matte, ivanishi yebala, iperile, kunye nefoyile ebandayo zonke zisebenza kwiitoti. I-embossing kunye ne-texture enzima itshintsha imilinganiselo yangaphandle kancinane, evakala ingenamsebenzi de iitreyi, izahluli, kunye neepateni zepallet sele zichaziwe. Vavanya ukugqiba kumgca wokuzalisa ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele.
Ukukhetha i-Ink kunye nombuzo woZinzo
I-aluminiyam iphakathi kwezona phakheji zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, kodwa i-inki kunye ne-coatings zihlala ngaphezulu koko, kwaye iimpawu ziya zibuzwa ngayo.
Uninzi lwemisebenzi yangoku yokurisayikilisha itshisa i-coatings ye-organic ngexesha lokulungiswa, ngoko ke i-inki yangaphandle ayifane ibe ngumba osisithintelo - imikhono kunye nezinto ezincamathelayo zidla ngokuba ngumba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuvezwa kwe-VOC okanye umgangatho womoya wasemsebenzini ubalulekile kumsebenzi wakho, ukutshintshela kwivumba eliphantsi{2}} kunye ne-inks ze-UV ezilungiselelwe ngokusingqongileyo zenze i-tradeoff yabancinci kakhulu kunokuba yayinjalo kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo.
Izilumkiso ezimbini. "Low-VOC" ayifani "nokutya{2}}okuthobela umqhagamshelwa" - olo luvavanyo olwahlukeneyo olunamaxwebhu ahlukeneyo. Kwaye amabango okusingqongileyo kwi-US yokupakisha awela phantsi kweFTC Green Guides; "i-eco-i-inki enobubele" ngaphandle kobungqina bunobungozi bokuthobela, ngelixa "iprintwe nge-inki ephantsi{8}}ye-VOC ye-UV" yingxelo ethile, enokukhuseleka.
Imiba emifutshane, iiPrototypes, kunye nendawo yokuvelisa
Kwi-brand entsha, impazamo ebiza kakhulu ayisoze ihlawule kakhulu ngetoti nganye. Iyalela i-100,000 yetoti engalunganga.
Mfutshane -ukuqhuba idijithali ikhona ngokuchanekileyo ukurhoxisa oko kuzibophelela: vavanya iincasa ezintathu kwiitoti ezingama-500 nganye, ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi ehambayo, emva koko ukale ophumeleleyo kwi-litho enedatha yokwenyani endaweni ye-hunch. Imikhono isebenza injongo enye ukusuka kwelinye icala - umntu unomzimba, uyilo oluninzi.
Yasekhaya vs. phesheya
I-Domestic ikufumana iisampulu ezikhawulezayo, unxibelelwano olulula, uhlolo onokulubona ngokwenene, kunye namaphepha othotyelo esele ecwangcisiwe kwiimfuno zase-US. Uyihlawulela ngexabiso leyunithi.
Phesheya kweelwandle ufumana iyunithi yeendleko kunye nomthamo, ngexabiso leeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 zokuhamba elwandle, ukuba sesichengeni sokusebenza, uhlolo olunzima, kunye nengxelo ende kakhulu xa kukho into engahambi kakuhle. Kwi-odolo ye-5,000-can, imithwalo kunye nomsebenzi bahlala becima ugcino ngokupheleleyo. Kwi-500,000, abakwenzi.
Phambi kokuzibophelela kuye nawuphi na umnikezeli waphesheya kweelwandle, qinisekisa ukutya-izatifikethi zoqhakamshelwano ngokuchasene nemveliso ethile abayinikezelayo (hayi isiqinisekiso senkampani yegeneric), qinisekisa ukuba banesiselo{1}}izalathisi zeshishini, kwaye ufumane isampulu ebonakalayo ithunyelwe phambi kwePO.
Uluhlu olufutshane lokujonga phambi kokuba u-odole
- Tshixa umthamo we-SKU nganye kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezizayo - oku kugqiba indlela, yonke enye into iyalandela
- Qinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi wakho wobugcisa uza kutshintsha, kwaye kangaphi
- Fumana i-dieline kumthengisi wokwenyani ngaphambi kokuba uyilo lugqitywe, hayi emva koko
- Vuma umbala kwitoti ebonakalayo, phantsi kokukhanya okulawulwayo
- Tshatisa i-liner kwi-chemistry yesiselo sakhokwayeinkqubo yakho thermal
- Qokelela amaxwebhu okuthotyelwa anemihla kunye neempawu zemveliso kuwo
- Vavanya inkonkxa egqityiweyo kumgca wakho wokuzalisa ngaphambi kokuba usebenze ngokupheleleyo
FAQ
Kutheni ndingakwazi ukufumana ushicilelo lwelitho kwiitoti ezingama-5,000?
ILitho iprinta ialuminiyam eflethi phambi kokuba inkonkxa yenziwe, ngoko ke iodolo ilubhukisho kwitoti{0}}yomgca wokwenza. Uqoqosho alukho ngaphantsi kwamashumi amawaka, kwaye uninzi lwezityalo zibeka ubuncinci obuphezulu kunoko. Ngezantsi kwalo mqobo, ukuprintwa kwedijithali kunye nemikhono eshwabeneyo zezona zikhetho zokwenyani.
Liliphi ixabiso endililindeleyo-kwixabiso ngalinye?
Phantse $0.40–$1.00 yedijithali phantsi 5,000 iiyunithi, kunye $0.10–$0.25 for litho ngaphezu 50,000. Loo manani agubungela umhombiso kuphela - hayi inkonkxa ngokwayo, hayi umkhono wesicelo, awugcwalisi.
Ngaba umbala wam wePantone uya kuhambelana ne-aluminiyam?
Akunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba uprinte isiseko esimhlophe opaque kuqala - kwaye oko kususa inkangeleko yesinyithi. I-aluminiyam ibonakalisa endaweni yokukhanyisa ukukhanya, ngoko ke nayiphi na i-inki ecacileyo iyatshintsha. Ukuba umbala ubalulekile, funa isampulu eprintiweyo ngokwasemzimbeni ngaphambi kokuvunywa.
Ngaba i-inki eprintiweyo iyayenzakalisa ukuphinda isetyenziswe ialuminiyam?
Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho. Iinkqubo ze-remelt zitshisa iingubo ze-organic. Imikhono kunye nezinto ezincamathelayo zizinto eziguquguqukayo ezinkulu, kwaye ukuphatha kwazo kuxhomekeke kwisiseko sohlengahlengiso sommandla wakho.
Loluphi uxwebhu olunye ekufuneka ndinyanzelise kulo kumthengisi?
Ukutya kwangoku-isibhengezo sokuthotyelwa koqhagamshelwano esichaza i-inki ethile, into yokwaleka, kunye nelayini oyithengayo, ibhekisa kummiselo osebenzayo, kwaye ibhalwe umhla. Izatifikethi zenkampani yeGeneric kunye namaphepha eSDS awanandawo.
Idijithali okanye imikhono yeshishini elincinci?
Imikhono ukuba umsebenzi wobugcisa ungumzekeliso-unzima, ugcwele{1}}wopha, okanye utshintsha ukhupho ngalunye. Idijithali ukuba ufuna i-aluminiyam ibonise, idinga amanani amancinci kakhulu, okanye ufuna uyilo oluguquguqukayo ngaphakathi komthi omnye ngaphandle kokuchukumisa ishedyuli yesicelo-yompakishi.


